# References

01

United Nations / Framework Convention on Climate Change (2015) **Adoption of the** **Paris Agreement, 21st Conference of the Parties, Paris: United Nations.** An official publication. Bell, E., Cullen, J. and Taylor, S.

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### 03

EN\_ISO\_14064-2:2019, 18.1.2021: Greenhouse gases - Part 2: Specification with guidance at the project level for quantification, monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emission reductions or removal enhancements (ISO 14064-2:2019).

{% file src="/files/KkfMcxRMeaKhUvo13RuP" %}

### 05

Rigling, Andreas; Schaffer, Hans Peter (2015): Forest Report 2015. Condition and Use of the Swiss Forests. Ed. by. Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU) and Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL). Bern/Birmensdorf.

{% file src="/files/NmvF5APhGjV4rBo5B0lf" %}

### 06

Thürig, Esther; Schmid, Stéphanie (2008): Annual CO₂ Fluxes in the Forest: Calculation Method for the Greenhouse Gas Inventory. In: Swiss Forestry Journal 159 (2), pp. 31-38. DOI: 10.3188/szf.2008.0031.

{% file src="/files/ZE6KvjmCyrOBFWg8t5h5" %}

### 07

Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Research (Ed.) (1983): Yield tables - Beech. 3rd edition. Edn. Birmensdorf.

{% file src="/files/xdcEFUuiZrqqBPwn3pgy" %}

### 08

Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Research (Ed.) (1983): Yield tables - Spruce. 3rd edition. Edn.

{% file src="/files/icMPSw9V4c7D6qfR3pel" %}

### 09

Bösch, Bernhard (2003): New Estimation Aids for Growth Performances of Main Tree Species. Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg (FVA-BW).

{% file src="/files/ssI22XCHFraYM7amlW9R" %}

**09a**

State Forest Administration Baden-Württemberg (1966): Auxiliary Tables for Forest Planning Part 1. Compiled for use in the State Forest Administration. Ed. by. Ministry of Food, Agriculture, Viticulture and Forestry

{% file src="/files/MAbKjFklc3XCd7ZLHRgA" %}

### 10

Klein, Daniel; Schulz, Christoph (2011): Forests and Wood Products as Carbon Storage. A Consideration on the Climate Protection Performance of Forests in Bavaria. In: LWF aktuell (85), pp. 40–43.

{% file src="/files/0goe4yTbmo4ayodrZCFb" %}

### 11

Zimmermann, Willi (2010): Legal Aspects in the Marketing of Non-Wood Forest Products. Regulations concerning CO₂ Sink Services. In: Swiss Forestry Journal (161 - 9), p. 364.

{% file src="/files/k4h1enb5iKhBLKj5Zct8" %}

### 12

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) (Ed.) (2008): Simplified baseline and monitoring methodologies for small-scale afforestation and reforestation project activities under the clean development mechanism implemented on grasslands or croplands AR-AMS0001.

{% file src="/files/mwChWOEGyWHm4Cb1VQuH" %}

### 13

Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU) (Ed.) (2014): Forest reserves in Switzerland. Report on the status at the end of 2012. Bern.

{% file src="/files/X137YGghQLK6RBKB6Adi" %}

### 14

Korpel, Stefan (1995): The Primeval Forests of the Western Carpathians. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer.

{% file src="/files/nqOTHqZ2arIhG7cb7tr8" %}

### 15

Lachat, Thibault; Müller, Markus; Bütler, Rita (2010): Selection Criteria for Old Wood Islands. Recommendations for the removal and assessment of old wood islands. Ed. by. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU). Birmensdorf.

{% file src="/files/V5Zg6KgKOSnZf2rMYwhx" %}

### 16

Brändli, Urs-Beat: Swiss National Forest Inventory. Results of the Third Survey 2004-2006. Ed. by. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU). Birmensdorf/Bern.

{% file src="/files/ZhE8qxCa6Y6FjinKWyel" %}

**16a**

Brändli, U.-B.; Abegg, M.; Allgaier Leuch, B. (Ed.) 2020: Swiss National Forest Inventory. Results of the fourth survey 2009–2017. Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL. Bern, Federal Office for the Environment. 341 pages.

{% file src="/files/abJ15Q1gOk9qFMheiH2v" %}

### 18

Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU) (Ed.) (2017): Yearbook Forest and Wood 2017. Bern (Environment Condition, 1718).

{% file src="/files/05vtfv4SikCtVjB3aau4" %}

### 19

Keller, Walter; Wohlgemuth, Thomas; Kuhn, Nino; Schütz, Martin; Wildi, Otto (1998): Forest Communities of Switzerland on a Floristic Basis. Statistically Revised Version of the "Forest Communities and Forest Sites of Switzerland" by Heinz Ellenberg and Frank Klötzli (1972) (Reports of the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, 73) (2).

{% file src="/files/zr3Fzse3IKWSWzR6hijm" %}

### 20

Bader, Lorenz; Kaufmann, Geri (1993): Compensation of forest reserves. Guidelines for the estimation of compensation for the non-use of ecologically valuable forest sites. Ed. by. Office for Spatial Planning of the Canton of Solothurn and Cantonal Forestry Office Solothurn.

{% file src="/files/pX16H1P6AH1JkB3ZYRkn" %}

### 21

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) (Ed.) (2012): Methodological tool: Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality.

{% file src="/files/VYHujF5wA10riLTvaglM" %}

### 22

Schmidtke, Hubertus (2010): Oberallmig Climate Protection Project. CCBA Project Design Document. With the collaboration of Oberallmeind Corporation Schwyz. SILVACONSULT® AG. Switzerland.

{% file src="/files/nOVzjRVJCftVcWTfNeJW" %}

### 23

Schmidtke, Hubertus (2016): CO₂ Sink Project Forest Reserve. Droit du Vallon Soulce - Undervelier Canton Jura, Switzerland. Winterthur.

{% file src="/files/8wXD8piNJcX0z4NbrC6U" %}

**23b**

SGS 2013: CO₂ Sink Project - Forest Reserve Droit du Vallon Soulce-Undervelier, Validation Report - Version 01 / August 2013

{% file src="/files/7C0FDdRbzS7MNCyrutYP" %}

### 24

Volz, Richard; Nauser, Markus; Hofer, Peter (2001): Climate Policy Needs the Forest and the Wood. Forest and Wood 3/01, pp.39-41

{% file src="/files/6bWS07Du5yUmR92BcnZe" %}

### 25

Pruša, Eduard (1985): The Bohemian and Moravian Primeval Forests - Their Structure and Ecology. Prague: Academia, Publ. of the. Czechoslovak. Acad. of. Sci (Vegetace ČSSR : A, 15).

{% file src="/files/N31kb91ZLgvKj3swcKK7" %}

### 27

Tyrrell, Mary L.; Ross, Jeffrey; Kelty, Matthew (2012): Carbon Dynamics in the Temperate Forest. In: Mark S. Ashton, Mary L. Tyrrell, Deborah Spalding and Bradford Gentry (Ed.): Managing Forest Carbon in a Changing Climate. 2012. Edn. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 77-107.

{% file src="/files/1t3iAcjaq197SGltystA" %}

### 28

Luyssaert, Sebastiaan; Schulze, E.-Detlef; Börner, Annett; et al. (2008): Old-growth Forests as Global Carbon Sinks. In: Nature (455), pp. 213-214.

{% file src="/files/cYU7WcbLXjXMpCfb0umh" %}

### 29

Verified Carbon Standards (VCS) (Ed.) (2012): AFOLU Non-Permanence Risk Tool.

{% file src="/files/ii0ErFJw7N7PLrGAvtHr" %}

### 30

Hofer, Peter; Altwegg, Jürg; Schoop, Andreas; et al. (2011): Wood Utilisation Potentials in the Swiss Forest. Evaluation of Utilisation Scenarios and Forest Growth Development. Bern (Environmental Knowledge, 1116).

{% file src="/files/ms72d8ILzMFZkRyPsQXX" %}

### 31

Baumgartner; Hansjakob (2012): National Forest Inventory: Record-high Wood Reserves in Swiss Forests. Ed.

Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN).

{% file src="/files/XT04vxx7TyNRLVi5eTFU" %}

### 32

Röösli, Bruno; Landolt-Parolini, Daniel (2013): Sustainable forest development – Challenges from a national perspective (Essay). In: *Swiss Journal of Forestry* 164 (8), pp. 216–219. DOI: 10.3188/szf.2013.0216.

{% file src="/files/vT8ovg5hYxUJNcyb5hak" %}

### 33

Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU) (Ed.) (2013): Forestry Policy 2020. Visions, objectives, and measures for a sustainable management of the Swiss forest. Bern.

{% file src="/files/eJq8Qzh5PSYcXztRgdur" %}

### 34

Canton of Solothurn: Office for Forests, Hunting and Fisheries (Ed.) (2012): Condition and development of the Solothurn forest. Results from the surveys of the Swiss National Forest Inventory. In collaboration with the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL).

{% file src="/files/jyHs78V81xXnlGMblJa6" %}

### 35

Jandl, Robert; Lindner, Marcus; Vesterdal, Lars; Bauwens, Bram; Baritz, Rainer; Hagedorn, Frank et al. (2007): How Strongly Can Forest Management Influence Soil Carbon Sequestration? In: Geoderma 137 (3-4), pp. 253-268. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.09.003.

{% file src="/files/ka08yTd5ZbKiZWSTzr5P" %}

### 36

Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) (Ed.) (2008): Estimation of the sink capacity of the Swiss forest for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol 2008 - 2012.

{% file src="/files/f9PmXUqBZqfqhnxkkHq3" %}

### 37

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) (Ed.) (2002): Report of the Conference of the parties on its seventh session, held at Marrakesh from 29 October to 10 November 2001. Part two: Action taken by the conference of the parties.

{% file src="/files/PEOB9waaGyW0wCwdPCdd" %}

### 38

Schmid, Silvio (2015): Valuation of the CO₂ Sink Service of the Forest: Obstacles and Opportunities. In: Swiss Forestry Journal 166 (4), pp. 246-252. DOI: 10.3188/szf.2015.0246.

{% file src="/files/zP8slU1AZTTjvHCMYls5" %}

### 39

Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) (2017): Federal Confirmation Concerning Double Counting. Voluntary CO₂ Market.

{% file src="/files/kplQBvNmqYaY3ipLHnrP" %}

### 40

Federal Office for the Environment FOEN (Ed.) (2018): Switzerland's Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990-2016. National Inventory Report. Submission of April 2018 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and under the Kyoto Protocol. Bern.

{% file src="/files/KEDoeKbMQ7oCqgfxX1c1" %}

### 41

Ebner, Gerd (2013): Spruce - Tree with a Future. Forestry Operation of the Year 2014. In: Timber Courier (49), pp. 14-16.

{% file src="/files/PmtJRAAFXVFWPwinE4DG" %}

### 42

Lemm, Renato (2014): Conversion from Lying Measure without Bark to Solid Cubic Metre with Bark.

{% file src="/files/4x8tRbnO17rdLtLQOY1P" %}

### 45

BAFU (Ed.) 2014: Forest reserves in Switzerland 2014, 26 pp.

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### 50

The Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Manifesto 2019

Developed for the UN Climate Action Summit 2019

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### 51

Christopher, Dean et al. (2020): The overlooked soil carbon under large, old trees

{% file src="/files/z7vGdvmhfbBMXoVKOri3" %}

### 52

Pistorius, Till et al. (2006): Investigations into the role of forests and forestry in the carbon budget of the state of Baden-Württemberg.

Forest Research and Experiment Station Baden-Württemberg Institute for Forest Economics. Research Report FZKA-BWPLUS

{% file src="/files/O3t9NC5tH6TpKDiWE5Ua" %}

### 53

Utilisation Potential Germany, Federal Forest Inventory

{% file src="/files/OO7e4lVdc44XMsxr2uGD" %}

### 54

The Forest as a Carbon Sink. [The carbon stock in the forests of Bavaria](https://www.waldwissen.net/de/lebensraum-wald/klima-und-umwelt/klimawandel-und-co2/kohlenstoffspeicher-wald)

{% file src="/files/IpJIcSzrsjnGWkCAQ9F2" %}

### 55

Nature Conservation Association Germany (NABU) e.V. (2010): Is Unused Forest Bad for the Climate?

The Underestimated Sink Service of Dynamic Natural Forests

{% file src="/files/QgpY2YKkYcLruWZprlmM" %}

### 56

Climate Calculator DFWR

{% file src="/files/QsmH3rwaOntI0f2Aiu1g" %}

### 57

Brigitte Commarmot et al. (2005): Structures of virgin and managed beech forests in Uholka (Ukraine) and Sihlwald (Switzerland): a comparative study. For. Snow Landsc. Res. 79, 1/2: 45-56 (2005)

{% file src="/files/ovepFLfFhOLN4yXbHJfc" %}

### 58

Kucbel, S.; Saniga M.; Jaloviar, P.; Vencurik, J. (2012): Stand structure and temporal variability in old-growth beech-dominated forests of the northwestern Carpathians: A 40-years perspective.

Forest Ecology and Management 264, 125-133.

{% file src="/files/Zs5UbL9reQcT5UQll1Qq" %}

### 59

Skytt, Torbjörn et al. (2021): Climate mitigation forestry—temporal trade-offs.

Environ. Res. Lett. 16 (2021) 114037

{% file src="/files/FRJAQ48RM5VBUyy9SVwJ" %}

### 60

Book Review Korpel 1995, Schütz

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### 61

Raus, Thomas (1988): Book Review Prusa, Eduard: The Bohemian and Moravian Primeval Forests - Their Structure and Ecology. -Vegetation CSSR A 15. - Prague: Academia Publishing House of the Czechoslovak Academy

of Sciences, 1985. - 578 pp. in Willdenowia, Vol. 17, No. 1/2 (Feb. 4, 1988), p. 246

{% file src="/files/G1NA2OSQvzUARL3aY53H" %}

### 62

Bütler Rita et al. (2020): Knowing, protecting and promoting habitat trees.

Memo for Practice 64. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 2020. Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf 2020.

{% file src="/files/TxSnrArczQ9zeuntshbF" %}

### 63

Drössler, Lars et al. (2006): Forest development phases in two primeval beech reserves in Slovakia

Forestry Archive 77 (2006), 155-161

{% file src="/files/GQsKYj63VzNeOJNPixCI" %}

### 64

Wördehoff, René; Spellmann, Hermann; Evers, Jan; Aydın Cihan T.; Nagel Jürgen (2012): Carbon study forestry and wood Schleswig-Holstein.

Publisher: Northwest German Forestry Research Institute (NW-FVA)

{% file src="/files/Knccb27oaeLQdtuP7hJr" %}

### 65

Jarvis, Paul G., Ibrom, Andreas and Linder, Sune (2005): "Carbon forestry": managing forests to conserve carbon.

In: HOWARD GRIFFITHS and PAUL G JARVIS Ed. (2005): The Carbon Balance of Forest Biomes pp. 366-377

{% file src="/files/MuJmRfF8b6gP32evEcMB" %}

### 66

Schmidtke, Hubertus (2025): Biomass Stocks in the Forest, Working Paper

In: HOWARD GRIFFITHS and PAUL G JARVIS Ed. (2005): The Carbon Balance of Forest Biomes pp. 366-377

### 67

Commarmot, B.; Brändli, U.-B.; Hamor, F.; Lavnyy V. (Ed.) 2013: Inventory of the Largest Primeval Beech Forest in Europe. A Swiss-Ukrainian Scientific Adventure.

Birmensdorf, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL; L’viv, Ukrainian National Forestry University; Rakhiv, Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. 69 pp.

{% file src="/files/CzUR77k5Z4q4eU6T3Fzb" %}

### 68

Fellenberg, F and Reiter K. 2021: Marketability of the carbon sink performance of forests, with special consideration of ownership rights in Germany

Opinion commissioned by the Ecosystem Value Association e.V.

{% file src="/files/bUNIgKFTuJde6J03vwU2" %}

### 69

Gold Standard 2015: Double Counting Guideline

{% file src="/files/FvzMiCYadgtoXXShnuSa" %}

### 70

Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) (Ed.) (2018): Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry

{% file src="/files/fZHkTuMKDeHAzXYNkXTX" %}

### 71

Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (2001): MCPFE Classification of protected and protective forests and other wooded land in Europe

{% file src="/files/Bg1UrNtjknu0FJrfuWUs" %}

### 72

Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM). (January 2024). *Core Carbon Principles, Assessment Framework and Assessment Procedure* (Version 1.1).

### 73

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2006). *2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use, Chapter 4: Forest Land*.


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